protein_function: Receptor involved in the costimulatory signal essentialfor T-lymphocyte proliferation and interleukin-2 production, bybinding CD28 or CTLA-4. May play a critical role in the earlyevents of T-cell activation and costimulation of naive T-cells,such as deciding between immunity and anergy that is made by T-cells within 24 hours after activation.
Cluster of Differentiation 86 (also known as CD86 and B7-2) is aprotein expressed on antigen-presenting cells that provides costimulatory signals necessary for T cell activation and survival. The CD86 gene encodes a type I membrane protein that is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. Using fluorescence in situ hybridization mapping, the CD86, like CD80, was mapped to human 3q21 and mouse chromosome 16, band B5. The antigen presentation coactivators B71 and B72, which are important in other immune-mediated thyroid diseases, are important for lymphocytic infiltration and the immune response against thyroid carcinoma.
