protein_function: Receptor tyrosine kinase involved in the development andthe maturation of the central and the peripheral nervous systemsthrough regulation of neuron survival, proliferation, migration,differentiation, and synapse formation and plasticity. Receptorfor BDNF,brain-derived neurotrophic factor and NTF4,neurotrophin-4. Alternatively can also bind NTF3,neurotrophin-3 which is lessefficient in activating the receptor but regulates neuron survivalthrough NTRK2. Upon ligand-binding, undergoes homodimerization,autophosphorylation and activation. Recruits, phosphorylatesand,or activates several downstream effectors including SHC1,FRS2, SH2B1, SH2B2 and PLCG1 that regulate distinct overlappingsignaling cascades. Through SHC1, FRS2, SH2B1, SH2B2 activates theGRB2-Ras-MAPK cascade that regulates for instance neuronaldifferentiation including neurite outgrowth. Through the sameeffectors controls the Ras-PI3 kinase-AKT1 signaling cascade thatmainly regulates growth and survival. Through PLCG1 and thedownstream protein kinase C-regulated pathways controls synapticplasticity. Thereby, plays a role in learning and memory byregulating both short term synaptic function and long-termpotentiation. PLCG1 also leads to NF-Kappa-B activation and thetranscription of genes involved in cell survival. Hence, it isable to suppress anoikis, the apoptosis resulting from loss ofcell-matrix interactions. May also play a role in neutrophin-dependent calcium signaling in glial cells and mediatecommunication between neurons and glia..
TrkB receptor also known as TrkB tyrosine kinase or BDNF,NT-3 growth factors receptor or neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor, type 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NTRK2 gene.[1] TrkB is the high affinity catalytic receptor for several "e;neurotrophins"e;, which are small protein growth factors that induce the survival and differentiation of distinct cell populations. The TrkB receptor is part of the large family of receptor tyrosine kinases. A "e;tyrosine kinase"e; is an enzyme which is capable of adding a phosphate group to certain tyrosines on target proteins, or "e;substrates"e;.Soppet et al. [2] demonstrated that the gp145 gene product of the TRKB gene is rapidly phosphorylated on tyrosine residues upon exposure to BDNF and NTF3.