Brief: All compounds in FDA approved drug library have well-characterized biological activity, clear targets, safety, and bioavailability �C properties which could dramatically accelerate drug development and optimization. It is an effective and ideal tool for drug repurposing and cell differentiation induction. Detailed information on each compound in this library can help scientists quickly finish drug screening or make quick judgement on cell differentiation mechanism, and create conditions for further investigation on the mechanism of action

Brief: Members of the transforming growth factor-�� (TGF-��) family control growth, differentiation and apoptosis of cells, and have important functions during embryonic development. There are three known isoforms of TGF-�� (TGF-��1, TGF-��2 and TGF-��3) expressed in mammalian tissues. TGF-�� isoforms signal through three surface receptors, known as the TGF-�� type I, type II, and type III receptors (T��RI, T��RII, and T��RIII, respectively) which are expressed on the surface of many cell types such as fibroblasts, lymphocytes, and hemopoietic cells, etc. The binding of TGF-�� and receptorstransduces the signals by phosphorylating carboxy-terminal serine residues of receptor-regulated (R-) Smads. The activated R-Smads form hetero-oligomeric complexes with a common-partner (co-) Smad, that is, Smad4 in vertebrate cells. The complexes translocate into the nucleus where they regulate the expression of target genes. TGF-beta/Smad Compound Library from SAB, a unique collection of 44 TGF-beta/Smad signaling targeted compounds, can be used for research in TGF-beta/Smad signaling and related drug screening (high throughput and high content screening).

Brief: It contains more than 5370 small molecule compounds, with known biological activities causing biological reaction in cells, tissue even whole body, including Clinical compound library (L3400), Preclinical compound library (L3410), and Approved drug library (L1000). All compounds have clear targets and detailed information description, which is the key point to drug research and development like drug repurposing, small molecule inducing stem cell differentiation, and target identification in mechanism interrogation. Many scientists have identified small molecules that can regulate cell fate and function, and stem cell differentiation by screening annotated bioactive compound library with confirmed activity and known targets. Recent advances in iPSC technology have made reprogramming of somatic cells towards pluripotency possible and simpler. Using both phenotypic screening and hypothesis-driven approaches, a growing number of compounds have been identified that can functionally replace reprogramming transcription factors, enhance efficiency of iPSC generation and accelerate the reprogramming process by single use or a combination of several molecules with success in cardiomyocyte differentiation and proliferation, neural progenitor cells, etc

Brief: A significant barrier to effective cancer therapy is the development of resistance to the drugs utilized, therefore, identifying new biological targets and designing new drugs becomes one of the most important strategies. Among the various potential targets, DNA damage and repair system in cancer cells is one of the most pivotal targets. The use ofunspecific antibiotics to treat bacterial infections has caused a great deal of multiple resistant strains making less effective the current therapies with antibiotics. Developing inhibitors of DNA repair and related pathways in pathogens will have utility in the treatment of infections. The SABsDNA Damage & Repair Compound Library, a unique collection of 475 DNA Damage & Repair related compounds, can be used for research in DNA damage and repair, and high throughput screening (HTS) and high content screening (HCS).

Brief: Nuclear factor-??B (NF-??B), a collective term for a family of transcription factors, includes five subunits: NF-??B1 (p50/p105), NF-??B2 (p52/p100), p65 (RelA), RelB, and c-Rel. The homodimers or heterodimers formed by two subunits bind to specific sequences known as the ??B site on their target genes for DNA interaction and transcriptional activation. How NF-??B selectively recognizes a small subset of relevant ??B sites from the large excess of potential binding sites is a critical step for stimulus-specific gene transcription (The fine-tuning of the NF-B DNA binding activity).While in an inactivated state, NF-??B is located in the cytosol complexed with the inhibitory proteinI??B??. Through the intermediacy of integral membrane receptors, a variety of extracellular signals can activate the enzymeI??B kinase(IKK). IKK, in turn, phosphorylates the I??B?? protein, which results inubiquitination, dissociation of I??B?? from NF-??B, and eventual degradation of I??B?? by theproteasome. The activated NF-??B is then translocated into the nucleus where it binds to specific sequences of DNA called response elements (RE). The DNA/NF-??B complex then recruits other proteins such ascoactivatorsandRNA polymerase, which transcribe downstream DNA into mRNA. A large array of genesinvolved in different processes of the immune and inflammatory responses, such as TNF-??, IL-1??, IL-6, and IL-8, chemokines, adhesion molecules, clone stimulating factors, is mediated by NF-??B. In TNF-???Cinduced apoptosis, TRAF1, TRAF2, XIAP, c-IAP1, and c-IAP2 were identified as gene targets of NF-kB transcriptional activity. NF-??B Signaling Compound Library from SAB, a unique collection of 173 small molecules targeting NF-??B signaling, can be used for research in NF-??B signaling and high throughput screening and high content screening.

Brief: Cell signal transductionis the transmission of molecular signals via various proteins in asignaling cascade, which carries and amplifies the signal. TheJAK-STAT signaling pathwaycommunicates information from chemical signals outside of a cell to thecell nucleus, resulting in the activation of genes through a process calledtranscription. There are three key parts of JAK-STAT signaling:Janus kinases(JAKs),Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription proteins(STATs), and receptors (which bind the chemical signals). JAK-STAT signaling pathway is a chain of interactions between proteins in a cell, and is involved in processes such asimmunity,cell division,cell deathandtumor formation. Disrupted JAK-STAT signaling may lead to a variety of diseases, such as skin conditions,cancers, and disorders affecting the immune system. There are 4 JAK proteins:JAK1,JAK2,JAK3andTYK2, and there are 7 STAT proteins:STAT1,STAT2,STAT3,STAT4,STAT5A,STAT5BandSTAT6. JAK/STAT Compound Library from SAB, a unique collection of 145 compounds targeting JAK/STAT signaling, can be used for research in JAK/STAT signaling and related drug screening (high throughput and high content screening).

Brief: Cytokinesare a broad and loose category of smallproteins(~5�C20kDa) that are important incell signaling, modulate thebalancebetween humoral and cell-based immune responses, and are heavilyinvolved inautoimmuneand inflammatory diseases. Blocking cytokine signaling pathways by biologics has shown clinical effectiveness in these diseases. Cytokines act throughreceptors and activate related signaling to modulate gene expression and cell functions. Cytokine receptors activate many signaling pathways: JAK-STAT, NF-kB, MAPK, PI3K, etc. A number of small molecular weight inhibitors targeting cytokine signaling have been identified as research progresses and some are approved to be marketed. Cytokines Inhibitors Library from SAB, containing 182 compounds targeting cytokine signaling, can be used for high throughput and high content screening for drug discovery

Brief: Ahistonemodificationis a covalent post-translational enzymatic modification to histone proteins which includesmethylation,phosphorylation,acetylation, ubiquitylation, and sumoylation.Histone modification impactsgene expressionbyaltering chromatin structureor recruiting histone modifiers.Therefore, histone modifications act in diverse biological processes such as transcriptional activation/inactivation,chromosomepackaging, and DNA damage/repair.Thus, quantitative detection of various histone modifications would provide useful information for a better understanding ofepigeneticregulation of cellular processes and the development of histone modifying enzyme-targeted drugs. The SABsHistone Modification Research Compound Library, a unique collection of 152 histone modification related compounds, can be used for research in histone modification and related drug screening

Brief: Preclinical Compound Library is a collection of 212 compounds that are in preclinical phase with clear targets and detailed information on disease indication and reference.

Brief: Clinical compound library is a collection of 960 compounds, all of which have been permitted into the clinical trial phases. These compounds have known biological activities, low toxicity, and clear mechanism with demonstrated pre-clinical evidence. Every compound contains detailed information on pharmacological activities, targets, clinical development status, and indications with broad spectrum covering several therapeutic areas from cancer, inflammation, infection, neuropsychiatry to cardiology, and many drug targets such as JAK, EGFR, mTOR, CDK, HDAC, AKT, PARP, etc. It is an effective tool for drug screening as well as for cell differentiation induction.